Metal panels are used frequently for the cladding or external systems of commercial buildings located within a cold climatic zone. Contractors and building owners should aim to take the quality of the materials into consideration along with coatings, insulation, fixings and how they are installed. This will reduce any early deterioration issues, lessen maintenance issues and will ensure that the building envelope remains intact.
Material Quality and Durability
Certain metals may be used to manufacture the panels. If choosing between aluminium and steel panels, reviewing the specification will help contractors understand the differences in performance between each. Steel tends to offer strong performance against wide temperature ranges, whilst aluminium gives natural resistance against corrosion. The chosen panel will need to have an adequate amount of thickness and suitable structural performance so it can still move dynamically without becoming overly damaged. Checking the technical documents from manufacturers can help identify if the product will be suitable for frequent freezing and thawing.
Considering the consistency of the material is key. A lack of uniformity such as inconsistencies in thickness, inconsistencies due to manufacturing or poor shaped edges can cause weak points in the panel. This can become an issue as water freezes and expands in the smaller areas. Contractors will want to look at sample products and check the manufacturing specifications of the panels. Choosing a metal panel with uniformity will improve performance.
Protective Coatings and Corrosion Resistance
Having a coating applied can give protection to the metal panels. If the building has frequent problems with snow, rain and freezing the applied coatings can create protection. This is because the panels can become wet in the colder months such as areas where panels meet, the edges of the roof and areas with less drainage. If the coatings become damaged this can create a problem and put the building at risk of corrosion. Contractors should consider the different coatings, how thick they are and the documented weather resistance. The panels should also be checked to understand if they are suitable for the environment.
Consideration should be given to the adhesiveness and flexibility of the coating. As temperature rises and falls the metal could cause the coatings to crack or peel due to the inability to move freely. This can cause problems with moisture getting to the material underneath and speed up deterioration. Information on testing and the manufacturer’s warranty can help contractors understand if the panel has performed well against temperature fluctuation. After install, contractors should inspect the products regularly for any issues such as scratches or panel damage.
Insulation and Moisture Control
This will play a key role in the ability of the building to control temperature differences inside and outside. Insulated metal roofing can help improve thermal control by having metal on the outside and insulation within. Contractors should consider the whole system when looking at products. The system should have thermal resistance but also limit any moisture movement. The specification should include information on how the panels will perform against expected temperatures and humidity.
The joints, fixings and seals also need to be considered when looking at insulated metal panels. If the joints do not have the correct sealing this could let the damp, warm air from inside get to colder areas of the system causing condensation. This can cause extra stress to the surrounding materials as there is build up of moisture and it will freeze. Contractors should check that the product can create an effective air barrier, vapour control and how to best install the product. An effective detailing will help keep the panel insulating.
Panel Joints and Fastening Systems
The joints between panels are extremely important. Water can enter the building through these. During thawing snow will start to melt and pool around the edges, overlaps and joints of the panels. If the joints are not correctly designed or installed this could cause water to enter the panels. If the temperature drops again this will freeze causing issues. Contractors should check how these joints are designed and the sealant, also ensuring there is good drainage. Using a product that can help control the water will help protect the joints.
Taking into consideration the fixings and fixing systems. Due to metals expanding and contracting the fixings will need to have some movement within them. If there are inflexible fixings this can cause stress being placed at the fixings. This can cause issues with the fixing becoming loose, the panels skewing and the sealing being damaged. Contractors should check how the fixing will be installed to allow for sufficient movement. Always follow the manufacturer’s guidance on spacing, pressure and fixings.
Manufacturer Testing and Installation Requirements
It can be useful to look into how the manufacturers have tested the panels. Contractors should look at the corrosion, coating, structural integrity, water leak issues and temperature movement. Knowing what standards they have tested to and any certifications can help understand if the product will meet requirements. However, also take into consideration how suitable it will be for the area. A product which may not be suitable for regular freezing weather as it is only meant for moderate conditions.
How the panel was installed can have an impact on how well it will perform. If contractors have not taken into consideration drainage , adequate supports and fixings even high quality materials can cause issues. Ensure the contractors inspect the substrates, check the panels are straight and ensure they are not damaged. By following the guidance provided by the manufacturer this will help ensure the product performs as intended. Contractors should note down details of how it was installed so the maintenance team can easily identify the materials that were used.
Conclusion
There are several factors to consider when assessing insulated metal panels against freezing and thawing. By considering the manufacturer’s testing, contractors will have more knowledge to choose suitable materials. Having the correct specifications and quality construction will reduce any issues caused by moisture. This will help keep the external performing well and help the commercial building within the cold climate to last longer.